5月31号,在上海举办的摩根大通第20届全球中国峰会上,阿里巴巴集团主席蔡崇信与摩根大通北亚区主席兼大中华区投资银行副董事长康胜德(Kam Shing Kwang)进行了深入交流,探讨了阿里巴巴的变革、人工智能等议题。
在对话中,蔡崇信详细讨论了多个主题,包括分析纽约自由人队赛季伊始的亮眼表现,与之对照的是布鲁克林篮网在上一赛季不佳表现后面临的挑战。他主张长期的成功比短期的成就更为重要,倡导在组织中培养一种灵活和胜利的企业文化。在提到领导力和公司战略时,他描述了公司为加快决策过程和赋予业务单元CEO更多权力而进行的重组计划,特别强调了像吴泳铭(Eddie Wu)这样年轻有才华的领导人在电子商务和云计算等先进领域带来的积极影响。然后,讨论转向了阿里巴巴战略性地利用人工智能(AI),通过结合专有技术和开放源代码技术来提升用户体验和提高其平台的运营效率。面对包括监管挑战、市场竞争和地缘政治紧张等外部压力,他对公司的创新能力和未来发展保持信心,认为阿里巴巴的实力源自于其不懈地专注于核心技能。
通过此次交流,蔡崇信表示:我们看到了阿里巴巴在面对当今变化多端的商业环境和外部挑战时,如何依靠领导力变革、战略调整和技术创新来保持其行业领先地位的决心。这种针对长期发展和内部文化建设的专注,结合对新兴技术领域如人工智能的深入投资,展现了一家全球技术巨头面对未来挑战和机遇的布局策略。而年轻领导力的提升和权力的下放,更是为阿里巴巴注入了新的活力和创新能力,有望在未来的发展道路上继续引领潮流。
以下是讨论交流的翻译内容及原文第三部分(所有内容由通义听悟及通义千问进行转译):
主持人:
你们在拥有云服务和人工智能两大业务版块这一点上占有特殊的优势,阿里云可能已经成为亚太地区最大的平台。这无疑给您们带来了极佳的市场定位。您之前所做的有关AI和养育孩子的比喻令人印象深刻。作为两个孩子的母亲,我深知抚育孩子的艰辛和时长。除了自主研发的大型语言模型“通义千问”,你们在其他五个大型语言模型上的战略投资是否取得了协同效应?此外,您们如何看待西方市场?
蔡崇信:
毫无疑问,在这方面我们实现了协同效应。首先,除了扮演“父母”的角色,我们也是其他五个大型语言模型的“叔叔”或“阿姨”。当这些模型进行训练时,他们需要依赖我们的云计算资源,这自然也促进了我们云业务的增长。同时,这样的投资策略也是我们分散风险的方式。
蔡崇信:
过去25年的经验告诉我们,企业在选择自主研发、走开源路线还是在财力允许的情况下投资他人时需要谨慎权衡。对于那些有足够财力的人来说,多元化策略是降低风险的一种有效方式。在人工智能这样一个至关重要的领域,走单一的路线是不明智的。这让我想起了棒球传奇Yogi Berra的名言,他曾经说过:“当你在路上遇到岔路口时,就接受它。”我不确定大家是否都能体会到这句话中的幽默。我认为这就体现了我们希望实现良好风险对冲的战略思维。尽管这样,我们自主研发的大型语言模型对我们至关重要,我们在这方面投入了巨大的资源。
主持人:
好的,我们不妨换个话题,来聊一聊阿里巴巴目前的挑战。地缘音速日趋复杂化。同时,中国的经济增长放缓和监管的加强也是不容忽视的问题。当然,电商领域的竞争也越发激烈。您怎样看待这些复杂的问题和挑战呢?
蔡崇信:
您问得很好。确实,我们经历了监管的审查、市场竞争、地缘音速复杂性以及中国经济的变局。然而,这些关切也是每个中国科技公司所共同面对的。遗憾的是,在过去几年里,这些负面要素不应成为特定于阿里巴巴的叙事焦点。
阿里巴巴注重增长,致力于技术创新,我们着重把技术融入核心业务,旨在为客户创造价值,同时为股东带来回报。因此,不论是地缘因素还是监管挑战,我们相信自己正步入一个稳定且可预测的环境。
我们清楚地明白了什么是我们的界限,明白了哪些事情能做哪些事情不能做。而竞争永远存在,自公司成立之日起,我们就一直面临着竞争。单纯通过削减成本是无法在竞争中立于不败之地的。在竞争中取胜需要保有成长的心态,而这正是我们的立场。我们已决定将重点放在我们的核心业务上,即电子商务和云计算。我们的目标是在未来十年内重返增长轨道,实现双位数的增长。从现在开始,我们计划在未来三年内,即到2027财年结束之际,达到年增长率两位数的目标。
主持人:
太好了,我相信在座的许多投资者和阿里巴巴的股东们都非常期待听到这样的消息。25年前,您作为共同创始人创建了阿里巴巴,在过去的25年里,您对领导的理解和执行方式有何演变?同时,阿里巴巴的愿景是否也随着时间的推移而发生了变化?
蔡崇信:
是的,回想起我25年前刚创办阿里巴巴时,我的专长是金融和法律,我最终成为了公司的首席财务官,并且担任了13年。那时,我的日常工作非常繁忙,不仅要关注投资者,还要处理会计、税务审计、内部审计等工作。我的主要任务是确保我们的数据诚实可靠,并建立一个强大的财务部门。而现在,回归担任公司董事长,我的工作完全改变了。
作为集团管理团队,我们的工作是进行资源分配,这包括我们的CEO,我们决定如何分配公司资源。这不单指资金,还涉及到人力资源的安排——比如决定哪位员工负责哪个部门,运营哪个业务。一旦这些关键决策确定下来,作为高层管理,我们就会尽一切努力确保这些资源得到充分利用并满足既定需求。
关键在于构建优秀的团队,并不仅仅限于任命某个业务单元的CEO;还要确保其团队成员同样优秀,支持他们进行招聘工作。我们还致力于设计激励计划,使团队成员的个人利益与公司业绩挂钩。同时,确保他们有足够的资本资源,因为资本的合理配置至关重要。这些就是目前职位的本质所在,与我大约15年前的工作大不相同。
主持人:
现在的职责涉及更多关于战略规划的方面,包括为公司制定发展方向和构建长远愿景。
蔡崇信:
我觉得那样讲可能过于夸大了。事实上,我的角色更多是不干预日常运作,而是让CEO和运营团队去做决策,因为他们直接面对市场一线,对用户和顾客了解得也最深。他们而不是我,应该在做决策方面扮演主要角色。
系列其他文章:
主持人:
right? I see that you are uniquely positioned given that you have both the cloud business and also the AI business, alicloud is probably now the largest platform in Asia Pacific. So you're definitely very well positioned there. And I love your analogy about AI and racing child. Being a mother of 2, I know how hard and how long it takes to raise a child, but you, aside from your own proprietary, large language model, tong yiqian, where you have also make strategic investments in five other, large language models and do you see synergy? Then how are you looking at the West?
蔡崇信 :
Sure, there's definitely synergies in that. Well, first, besides being a parent, we're uncles or aunties too, 5 other large language models through which we have relationships when they train their models, they have to use our cloud computing resource, and that helps our cloud business. But it's also a way of hedging our bets.
蔡崇信 :
We've learned through the last 25 years that, you know, you go, do you go proprietary, do you go open source, do you invest in somebody else if you can afford it? A lot of people can't, if you can afford it, you do want to hedge the bats. AI is too important of an area where you just go one path. It reminds me of Yogi Bera. Yogi Bera saying he said when you come to a fork in the road, take it. I don't know if people got the joke.
主持人:
but .
蔡崇信:
when you come to a fork in the road, take it. So I think that's, you know, we want to be, we want to be well hedged. But having said that, obviously our proprietary large language model is very, very important to us and a lot of resources being put into that.
主持人:
Okay, well, so maybe let's pivot a little bit and talk about the challenges that Alibaba is facing, right? Geopolitics clearly is getting more complicated. China's economy is still slowing, that's also the regulatory scrutiny. And of course the competition in e-commerce is ever intensifying. How do you think about these issues and challenges?
蔡崇信:
That's a great question, you have mentioned regulatory scrutiny. You have mentioned competition, geopolitics, Chinese economy. But think about it. Every Chinese technology company faces exactly the same issue, right? You know, all those factors. The unfortunate thing is in the last three or four years, those factors, those sort of negative factors have become the narrative for Alibaba and it shouldn't be.
蔡崇信 :
Alibaba is about growth, We're about technology innovation. We're about applying our technology into our core business to create value for our customers and eventually also for our shareholders. So, so for us, it is what it is, geopolitics or regulatory, whatever it is, we think we're now entering a phase where we're in a stable regulatory environment in the sense that regulation is quite predictable.
蔡崇信 :
We know what are the red lines, what we can do and cannot do. Competition is always, I mean, since day 1, we've had competition. So you can't cut costs and cut your way into competition. You have to have a growth mindset when you compete. And that's where we are. That's that's what we've decided to do. We decided to very much focus on our core e-commerce, cloud computing, And our goal over the next 10 years is to be able to get back to growth, get back to double digit growth. We have said, we're sort of on a planning from a planning standpoint on a three year time horizon by our fiscal year 2027 march and 2027, we like to be growing double digits.
主持人:
Great. I think we are holding our breath and many investors, our shareholders of Alibaba in the room, and I'm sure they are delighted to hear that. So you inject co founder, the Alibaba 25 years ago and through all the two shifts, the past 2.5 decades, how has your leadership evolved and maybe also vision for Alibaba?
蔡崇信:
Yeah, well, when I first started Alibaba 25 years ago, I was a specialist in finance, legal, and, you know, I became the CFO of the company. I was CFO of the company for 13 years. So that's my job was very much day to day. You had to look after, not just look after investors, you have to look at, accounting, tax audit, internal audit, you know, and it's just making sure that we have integrity in our numbers and have a well established finance department that can handle all those things. And it's very much of a day to day job. And today as coming back in as chairman of the company, you know, the job is very different.
蔡崇信:
We as a group management team, as a group, including our CEO, are in the doing the work of allocating resources and deciding what company resources that we allocate ourselves to. That's not just money. It is also people, right, who to put in which division to run which business. Once those decisions have been made, then you may you do everything as senior management. You do everything to ensure that those resources can be met, the needs can be met.
蔡崇信:
That's about making sure that you establish a team of people, not just if you appoint a CEO to a business unit, you want to make sure that their direct reports are good people and you help them to recruit. You want to establish incentive plans so that they're personal. Financial situation could be tied to the performance of the company, designing those plans. You want to make sure that they have capital resources, so allocation of capital is important. So those are the, that's the nature of the job, today then it was like, you know, 15 years ago.
主持人:
so much more strategic and providing directions and visions for the company.
蔡崇信:
I think it's that's that's two grandiose of a way to say I say my job is to get out of people pulls away, let your Ceo's, let your operating management team operate and make day to day decisions because they're on the front line. They're closest to our users, they're closest to our customers, they should be in the primary position to make those decisions rather than me.
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