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美团外卖征战香港,补贴10亿火拼双寡头

如果在香港点一份外卖,你可能遇到以下情况:72港元点到一份牛四宝面,再加上40港元左右的配送费,一

熟悉的补贴大战回来了。

如果在香港点一份外卖,你可能遇到以下情况:72港元点到一份牛四宝面,再加上40港元左右的配送费,一份外卖的价格超出100块。

但这只是刚开始。给你送外卖的可能是一个口音并不标准的东南亚骑手,你们的沟通很困难,他无法把你的餐品送到指定位置,甚至过去1个小时了,你的外卖还没有送达。

如果走路几分钟去楼下的大排档或者茶餐厅,要一份两个菜的盒饭,价格只要40港元,三个菜也才要50港元。

这正是香港外卖市场面临的现状:贵,配送体验差。这导致香港人很少点外卖,Tech星球接触的不少在港工作生活人士一个月可能才点一次外卖。

他们期待这种状况可以得到改善。5月22日,香港旺角和大角咀区域出现了一抹靓丽的黄色,这宣告着美团外卖在香港的独立App——KeeTa正式上市了。

KeeTa取自英文单词“cheetah”,意思是猎豹。猎豹以奔跑速度快而著称,而速度问题也正是香港现存两大外卖平台FoodPanda和Deliveroo的痛点之一,不少消费者曾在社交平台上吐槽其昂贵的配送价格和不稳定的配送速度。在KeeTa首页显眼的位置,美团写着每餐都会送用户准时宝。

除了速度,美团的另一个武器是价格。在KeeTa首页显眼的位置,KeeTa突出“新用户注册奖励300港元”,邀请好友还有50港元奖励。美团KeeTa团队的员工更是在朋友圈表示,“我们努力将平时200文一单的外卖价格打到低至60啦!”

美团从去年10月开始筹备跨境业务,在滴滴和快手分别做过国际业务的仇广宇是美团国际业务的负责人。据一位KeeTa员工介绍,美团在香港招募了一支本地团队,人员规模现在已经超过了100人,其中有70%左右的为本地人。这只团队大部分为职能岗位,比如商家运营等,产研团队则位于北京。

KeeTa延续了美团的一贯作风,希望以低价占领用户心智,美团为此准备了10亿补贴。不过,一位KeeTa员工告诉Tech星球,香港并不是美团的最终目的,他们希望跑通链路,然后出海。

10亿补贴,商家爆单

KeeTa上线的第一天,他们在香港的很多员工都走上了街头,一些员工在旺角街头穿着黄色的工作服推广App,新用户只要下载KeeTa便可以得到300港元优惠券,邀请好友还有50港元奖励。

一位负责商家运营的员工告诉Tech星球,自己一整天都很忙,因为系统第一天上线,会出现很多问题,他需要在现场和商家一起解决这些问题。

在KeeTa上线前,香港本地有两大外卖平台FoodPanda和Deliveroo,他们分别于2014年和2015年进入香港市场,占据了香港外卖市场90%的份额。旺角和大角咀是香港人群最密集的区域,在这里试点意味着挑战很大。一位KeeTa员工表示,去年开始测试后,仇广宇就经常出现在香港。

KeeTa希望用低价获取用户心智,为此准备了10亿补贴。这相当于700多万香港常住人口每人补贴140港元左右,如果均摊到200万香港外卖用户上,人均补贴则有500港元。而电商平台们盛行的百亿补贴均摊到10亿互联网用户人均也不过10元。美团此次的阔绰可见一斑。

Tech星球浏览发现,KeeTa的最低消费金额普遍在50和60港元,和Deliveroo不相上下,而Foodpanda上大部分最低消费在50和80港元。

App首页醒目位置写着:一人饭堂,到手低至60港元。原价75港元的酸菜鱼米线现价59港元,原价75港元的鱼蛋粉+饮品套餐现在65港元,还都包含运费。这让原本点一顿外卖就要100港元的港人兴奋。

这样的价格让不少商家爆单了。一位KeeTa员工称,他负责的餐厅有的上线后第一天都超过了300单。在北京、上海这样的超一线城市,一家餐厅月售10000单已经实属罕见。每天300单,意味商家需要接连不断出餐。一位骑手告诉Tech星球,KeeTa上线第一天,他遇到一家餐厅爆单,等出餐就等了50分钟。

一位香港本地居民告诉Tech星球,从上线开始几乎每天都可以在旺角街头遇到KeeTa的推广人员。KeeTa的补贴策略让消费者欣喜,5月25日,Deliveroo开始推出满100减50的活动,并同样开始在旺角街头推广。

图注:5月24日,Deliveroo在旺角街头推广。 

血战老玩家,骑手运力争夺战打响

在北京、上海这样的内地城市,骑手们身着黄袍,骑着电动车送餐的场景已经司空见惯。但到了香港,完全是另一番景象。骑手们的交通工具不再是电动车,而是步行、单车或者电单车。

这是因为,香港对电动车的管理很严格。港府要求限速25公里及以下的交通工具,才能到港销售和使用。

骑手是整个外卖系统的核心,但电动车的限制意味着配送服务的不确定性,这也是2018年上半年美团放弃拓展香港市场的核心原因。

电动车可以一次配送四五份甚至更多餐品,但一位香港骑手告诉Tech星球,骑单车最多一次配送2单。

美团深知骑手的重要性,KeeTa上线之初,便打出骑手最高月薪3.5万港元的广告。一度引来许多骑手申请,导致平台审核速度延误。

根据香港政府公布2022年数据显示,香港雇员每月工资中位数为2万港元,在香港工资高于2万的人超过50%,只有11.8%的人月工资低于1万港元。3.5万港元的薪资已经超过了香港工资的平均水平。

KeeTa上线当天,团队为骑手们准备了三明治和牛奶作为早餐,并给予了30港元奖励。同时,如果骑手准时送达还会获得额外奖励。不过,这些奖励大部分时候没有超过5港元。

图注:一位骑手晒出的KeeTa配送收入。 

第一天结束后,不少骑手开始在社交平台上分享他们的收入情况。骑手彬仔表示,第一天他在KeeTa上跑了12单,累计收入425港元,相当于每单35港元。这些订单大部分在2公里内,有些甚至几百米。

对比内地,每单距离3公里-5公里之间,大部分订单配送费只有几块钱而言,香港的人力成本尤其高。美团在香港依然延续30分钟内送达的标准,以此保证配送服务的稳定性。

过去,Foodpanda和Deliveroo并不要求骑手在规定时间内送达,很可能用户收到餐品时已经凉了,但骑手依然可以正常获得配送收入。另外,香港骑手很多并非本地人,可能是东南亚人,也可能是印度人,他们操持着并不标准的英语,导致和用户沟通并不方便,餐品有时候也无法送到指定地方,这一点一直被诟病。

不过,对于习惯了没有时间限制的骑手来说,KeeTa可能并不友好。一位工作多年的香港骑手告诉Tech星球,KeeTa的配送费基本是最低的,Foodpanda上经常有60港元的配送费,而Deliveroo上基本100米内配送费都可以达到40港元。“在Deliveroo上一天可以赚到800到900,节假日可能上千了。”

一开始,Foodpanda和Deliveroo 并没有反击。但第三天,也就是5月24日,一位骑手表示,在旺角地区,早上11点到晚上9点,Foodpanda给步行和自行车骑手每笔订单额外加4港元服务费,摩托车和司机骑手每单加8港元服务费。Deliveroo 则不分地区,在11:45-13:45和18:00-21:00两个配送高峰时段,每个订单奖励骑手10港元,并在0:00-6:00运力稀缺阶段每单提供8港元补贴。

图注:左侧为Foodpanda提供的骑手补贴,右侧是Deliveroo。 

Foodpanda和Deliveroo的反击意味着,骑手的收入会更为丰厚。一场运力争夺战,正在香港外卖平台间上演。

出海找增量,香港只是开始

香港一直是外卖行业最难攻破的市场之一,交通环境复杂,人力成本高。一餐外卖可能要100港元,这导致港人更喜欢去餐厅吃饭,Foodpanda和Deliveroo进入10年,最终香港外卖配送市场的渗透率才打到3%左右。而在内地,餐饮外卖配送时长的渗透率接近30%。

因此,业内人士甚至包括美团员工在内,对美团进入香港都持非乐观态度。一位美团员工称,内地互联网的沃土没有可比拟的市场。曾经大名鼎鼎的Uber Eats在进入香港市场6年后,终于在前年铩羽而归。

一位KeeTa员工称,香港老龄化严重,现金使用率高,这都导致外卖接受程度很低。同时,极高的人力成本和复杂的路况,也让整个香港外卖配送服务体系不稳定。

美团要面临的竞争并不比当时内地和饿了么大战时要小。不过,现在的美团也比当时拥有了更多的资金和更丰富的作战经验。

对于美团来说进军香港并非最终目的。一位KeeTa员工表示,他们希望跑通链路,进而迈向国际化市场。

这对于美团来说势在必行。今年第一季度美团交出了一份足够耀眼的成绩单,美团今年第一季度营收586.2亿元,同比增长26.7%;净利润33.6亿元,预估亏损2.104亿元;调整后净利润为54.9亿元,同比转亏为盈。

即便对比腾讯这样的超级大厂,这份财报也足以具备吸引力,因为前者的营收增长同比仅为11%。

不过,今年一季度,美团并未公布具体的交易用户数以及活跃商家数。电话会上,王兴坦言,正在通过与微信合作等方式,扩大用户获取渠道。

事实上,从去年开始美团交易用户数和活跃商家增长已经不明显。2022年,美团外卖实现交易用户数6.78亿,同比减少1.8%;活跃商家数为930万,同比增长5.1%。

放到各个季度来看,2022年一至四季度,美团交易用户数量分别为6.93亿、6.85亿、6.87亿、6.78亿。美团交易用户数量的增长几乎停滞。

伴随着互联网红利的消失,美团用户高增长的时代也行至尾声,出海是开拓新市场和新增量的方式之一。由于业务的复杂性,外卖出海势必比游戏、电商要遇到更大和更难的挑战,这无疑是一场漫长的征途。


知道了